States Wildlife

New Mexico snakes: ID chart

61 snakes, 12 venomous (listed first). Last checked November 3, 2026.

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The 12 venomous snakes come first: Arizona Black Rattlesnake, Banded Rock Rattlesnake, Eastern Black-tailed Rattlesnake, Mojave Rattlesnake, Mottled Rock Rattlesnake, New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake, Prairie Rattlesnake, Sidewinder Rattlesnake, Tiger Rattlesnake, Western Black-tailed Rattlesnake, Western Coral Snake, Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Western Massasauga. The rest follow from A to Z, each with a photo where we have one and a short note on where it lives in New Mexico. The chart prints on letter or A4 paper; on screen, open any name on the New Mexico snakes page for photos, range and sources.

Arizona Black Rattlesnake
Photo: tzeducation · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Arizona Black Rattlesnake

Crotalus cerberus

Venomous

Banded Rock Rattlesnake
Photo: Jake Nitta · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Banded Rock Rattlesnake

Crotalus lepidus klauberi

Venomous

Eastern Black-tailed Rattlesnake
Photo: Sam Kieschnick · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Eastern Black-tailed Rattlesnake

Crotalus ornatus

Venomous

Mojave Rattlesnake
Photo: Court Harding · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Mojave Rattlesnake

Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus

Venomous

Mottled Rock Rattlesnake
Photo: Jeremiah Degenhardt · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Mottled Rock Rattlesnake

Crotalus lepidus lepidus

Venomous

New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake
Photo: Court Harding · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake

Crotalus willardi obscurus

Venomous

Prairie Rattlesnake
Photo: Cecelia Alexander · CC0 1.0 · iNaturalist

Prairie Rattlesnake

Crotalus viridis

Venomous

Sidewinder Rattlesnake
Photo: Ken-ichi Ueda · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Sidewinder Rattlesnake

Crotalus cerastes

Venomous

Tiger Rattlesnake
Photo: Mike Ostrowski · CC BY-SA 4.0 · iNaturalist · resized

Tiger Rattlesnake

Crotalus tigris

Venomous

Western Black-tailed Rattlesnake
Photo: Brandon Bourassa · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Western Black-tailed Rattlesnake

Crotalus molossus molossus

Venomous

Western Coral Snake
Photo: David Jahn · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons · resized

Western Coral Snake

Micruroides euryxanthus euryxanthus

Venomous

Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake
Photo: Gary Stolz (original) · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake

Crotalus atrox

Venomous

Western Massasauga
Photo: NPS photo · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Western Massasauga

Sistrurus tergeminus

Venomous

Arid Land Ribbonsnake
Photo: Tom Kennedy · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Arid Land Ribbonsnake

Thamnophis proximus diabolicus

Not stated

Big Bend Patchnose Snake
Photo: William · CC0 1.0 · iNaturalist

Big Bend Patchnose Snake

Salvadora hexalepis deserticola

Not stated

Black-necked Gartersnake
Photo: Jared Shorma · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Black-necked Gartersnake

Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis

Not stated

California Kingsnake
Photo: Pacific Southwest Region USFWS from Sacramento, US · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

California Kingsnake

Lampropeltis californiae

Non-venomous

Chihuahuan Black-headed Snake
Photo: Rstanton13 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons · resized

Chihuahuan Black-headed Snake

Tantilla wilcoxi

Not stated

Chihuahuan Nightsnake
Photo: Court Harding · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Chihuahuan Nightsnake

Hypsiglena jani

Not stated

Coachwhip
Photo: Peter Paplanus from St. Louis, Missouri · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Coachwhip

Coluber flagellum

Non-venomous

Desert Kingsnake
Photo: Court Harding · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Desert Kingsnake

Lampropeltis splendida

Non-venomous

Desert Nightsnake
Photo: iNaturalist user: nmoorhatch · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Desert Nightsnake

Hypsiglena chlorophaea

Not stated

Desert Striped Whipsnake
Photo: Wendy St. John · CC BY-SA 4.0 · iNaturalist · resized

Desert Striped Whipsnake

Masticophis taeniatus taeniatus

Not stated

Eastern Hognose Snake
Photo: Joshua Liverman · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Eastern Hognose Snake

Heterodon platirhinos

Not stated

Eastern Milksnake
Photo: Tom Norton · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Eastern Milksnake

Lampropeltis triangulum

Non-venomous

Glossy Snake
Photo: Linda Jo Conn · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Glossy Snake

Arizona elegans

Not stated

Gophersnake
Photo: National Park Service from USA · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Gophersnake

Pituophis catenifer

Non-venomous

Gray-banded Kingsnake
Photo: Tom Kennedy · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Gray-banded Kingsnake

Lampropeltis alterna

Non-venomous

Great Plains Rat Snake
Photo: Peter Paplanus · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Great Plains Rat Snake

Pantherophis emoryi

Non-venomous

Green Rat Snake
Photo: Gordon C. Snelling · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Green Rat Snake

Senticolis triaspis intermedia

Non-venomous

Ground Snake
Photo: Peter Paplanus · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Ground Snake

Sonora semiannulata

Non-venomous

Knobloch's Mountain Kingsnake
Photo: Dan Riley · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Knobloch's Mountain Kingsnake

Lampropeltis knoblochi

Non-venomous

Lined Snake
Photo: Peter Paplanus from St. Louis, Missouri · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Lined Snake

Tropidoclonion lineatum

Not stated

Marcy's Checkered Gartersnake
Photo: Cole Wolf · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Marcy's Checkered Gartersnake

Thamnophis marcianus marcianus

Not stated

No confirmed photo of Mexican Black-headed Snake

Mexican Black-headed Snake

Tantilla atriceps

Not stated

Mexican Hog-nosed Snake
Photo: Jeremiah Degenhardt · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Mexican Hog-nosed Snake

Heterodon kennerlyi

Not stated

Milk Snake
Photo: Joshua Smith · CC0 1.0 · iNaturalist

Milk Snake

Lampropeltis gentilis

Non-venomous

Mountain Patchnose Snake
Photo: Brandon Bourassa · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Mountain Patchnose Snake

Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae

Non-venomous

Narrow-headed Gartersnake
Photo: Vincent Plat · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Narrow-headed Gartersnake

Thamnophis rufipunctatus

Not stated

New Mexico Gartersnake
Photo: Tom Kennedy · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

New Mexico Gartersnake

Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis

Not stated

North American Racer
Photo: Everglades NPS from Homestead, Florida, United States · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

North American Racer

Coluber constrictor

Not stated

Northern Mexican Gartersnake
Photo: NS777 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons · resized

Northern Mexican Gartersnake

Thamnophis eques megalops

Not stated

No confirmed photo of Plains Black-headed Snake

Plains Black-headed Snake

Tantilla nigriceps

Not stated

Plains Gartersnake
Photo: Photo Credit: Krista Lundgren/USFWS USFWS Mountain-Prairie · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Plains Gartersnake

Thamnophis radix

Not stated

Plains Hog-nosed Snake
Photo: Dean Hester · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Plains Hog-nosed Snake

Heterodon nasicus

Not stated

Pyro Mountain Kingsnake
Photo: Patrick Alexander from Las Cruces, NM · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Pyro Mountain Kingsnake

Lampropeltis pyromelana

Non-venomous

Ringneck Snake
Photo: Peter Paplanus from St. Louis, Missouri · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Ringneck Snake

Diadophis punctatus

Not stated

Rough Greensnake
Photo: Joshua Liverman · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Rough Greensnake

Opheodrys aestivus

Not stated

No confirmed photo of Smith's Black-headed Snake

Smith's Black-headed Snake

Tantilla hobartsmithi

Not stated

Smooth Greensnake
Photo: Alison Northup · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Smooth Greensnake

Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi

Not stated

Sonoran Lyresnake
Photo: Jodhan Fine · CC0 1.0 · iNaturalist

Sonoran Lyresnake

Trimorphodon lambda

Not stated

Sonoran Whipsnake
Photo: Jake Nitta · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Sonoran Whipsnake

Coluber bilineatus

Not stated

Texas Blind Snake
Photo: Turner Brockman · CC BY-SA 4.0 · iNaturalist · resized

Texas Blind Snake

Rena dulcis

Not stated

Texas Long-nosed Snake
Photo: Patrick Alexander from Las Cruces, NM · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Texas Long-nosed Snake

Rhinocheilus lecontei

Not stated

Texas Lyresnake
Photo: highsinger · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Texas Lyresnake

Trimorphodon vilkinsonii

Not stated

Trans-Pecos Rat Snake
Photo: Tom Kennedy · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Trans-Pecos Rat Snake

Bogertophis subocularis subocularis

Non-venomous

Wandering Gartersnake
Photo: Yellowstone National Park · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Wandering Gartersnake

Thamnophis elegans

Not stated

Western Blind Snake
Photo: cglamb · CC0 1.0 · iNaturalist

Western Blind Snake

Rena humilis segrega

Not stated

Western Hooknose Snake
Photo: L. Miles Horne · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Western Hooknose Snake

Gyalopion canum

Non-venomous

Yaqui Black-headed Snake
Photo: Sue Carnahan · CC BY 4.0 · iNaturalist

Yaqui Black-headed Snake

Tantilla yaquia

Not stated

Yellow-bellied watersnake
Photo: Peter Paplanus · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Yellow-bellied watersnake

Nerodia erythrogaster transversa

Non-venomous

A picture cannot confirm what an animal is or that it is safe. Never handle a wild animal. Sources: BISON-M (Biota Information System of New Mexico) species search export: taxonomic name "Serpentes" (New Mexico Department of Wildlife); Reptiles - Carlsbad Caverns National Park (National Park Service); Reptiles - White Sands National Park (National Park Service); New Mexico Snakes: Information for New Mexico Homeowners (Circular 541) (College of ACES); Bites and Stings (New Mexico Poison & Drug Information Center); BISON-M Species Booklet 030400: Yellow-bellied watersnake (BISON-M); and others listed on the web page. stateswildlife.com/new-mexico/snakes/