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Which states have no venomous snakes?

Last checked November 3, 2026 against official sources.

On this page
  1. The short answer
  2. Map
  3. State by state
  4. How this is answered
  5. Sources

The short answer

Official sources say there are no venomous snakes in Alaska, Maine and Rhode Island (Maine: the only one is listed as extirpated). In Hawaii, the only venomous snake named is a sea snake.

Official sources name venomous snakes in 46 other states.

Map

Texas: Venomous snakes here? YesCalifornia: Venomous snakes here? YesKentucky: Venomous snakes here? YesGeorgia: Venomous snakes here? YesWisconsin: Venomous snakes here? YesOregon: Venomous snakes here? YesMissouri: Venomous snakes here? YesVirginia: Venomous snakes here? YesTennessee: Venomous snakes here? YesLouisiana: Venomous snakes here? YesNew York: Venomous snakes here? YesIdaho: Venomous snakes here? YesFlorida: Venomous snakes here? YesIllinois: Venomous snakes here? YesMontana: Venomous snakes here? YesMinnesota: Venomous snakes here? YesMaryland: Venomous snakes here? YesIowa: Venomous snakes here? YesOhio: Venomous snakes here? YesNebraska: Venomous snakes here? YesWashington: Venomous snakes here? YesSouth Dakota: Venomous snakes here? YesArkansas: Venomous snakes here? YesMississippi: Venomous snakes here? YesColorado: Venomous snakes here? YesNorth Carolina: Venomous snakes here? YesUtah: Venomous snakes here? YesOklahoma: Venomous snakes here? YesWyoming: Venomous snakes here? YesWest Virginia: Venomous snakes here? YesIndiana: Venomous snakes here? YesMassachusetts: Venomous snakes here? YesNevada: Venomous snakes here? YesNorth Dakota: Venomous snakes here? YesPennsylvania: Venomous snakes here? YesSouth Carolina: Venomous snakes here? YesMaine: Venomous snakes here? Not anymoreHawaii: Venomous snakes here? Only at seaRhode Island: Venomous snakes here? NoConnecticut: Venomous snakes here? YesMichigan: Venomous snakes here? YesAlaska: Venomous snakes here? NoDelaware: Venomous snakes here? YesNew Mexico: Venomous snakes here? YesAlabama: Venomous snakes here? YesKansas: Venomous snakes here? YesVermont: Venomous snakes here? YesNew Jersey: Venomous snakes here? YesNew Hampshire: Venomous snakes here? YesArizona: Venomous snakes here? Yes
Each state is colored by what its official sources say. Gray means no official statement in our sources, not absence.
  • Yes, venomous snakes here, per official sources
  • Rare, or only at sea
  • Not anymore (extirpated)
  • No venomous snakes, per official sources

State by state

StateVenomous snakes here?What the official sources saySource
Alaska No ADF&G says there are no snakes at all in Alaska, so there are no venomous snakes. “Alaska is famous for its complete absence of snakes, something most people - especially people from venomous snake country - fully appreciate.” Alaska Department of Fish and Game
Rhode Island No DEM says no venomous snakes occur in Rhode Island. Snakes kept as pets can still be involved in bites, and the regional poison center lists two venomous species for the Massachusetts and Rhode Island region. “There are no venomous snakes in Rhode Island.” Rhode Island DEM, Division of Fish & Wildlife
Maine Not anymore IFW says all Maine snakes are non-venomous. The only venomous species, the timber rattlesnake, is extirpated: there has been no credible evidence of it in Maine since the mid 1800s. “Writhes, bites, and voids feces when handled, but like all Maine snakes is non-venomous” Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife
Hawaii Only at sea DLNR's Wildlife Action Plan says the yellow-bellied sea snake is venomous and that the two sea snake species reported from Hawaiian waters are rarely seen. The state agriculture department says it can be more venomous than a cobra and warns people not to touch sea snakes that wash ashore. “This type of sea snake can be more venomous than a cobra and potentially lethal to humans.” Hawaii Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity
Alabama Yes Copperhead, Cottonmouth, Eastern Coral Snake, Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake, Pigmy Rattlesnake and Timber Rattlesnake on the official list. Outdoor Alabama
Arizona Yes Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Sidewinder, Arizona Black Rattlesnake, Rock Rattlesnake, Speckled Rattlesnake and Black-tailed Rattlesnake and others on the official list. Arizona Game and Fish Department
Arkansas Yes Copperhead, cottonmouth, western diamondback rattlesnake, timber rattlesnake, western pigmy rattlesnake and Texas coral snake. “Arkansas is home to 36 species of snakes, six of which are venomous” AGFC
California Yes Western Rattlesnake, Sidewinder, Mohave Rattlesnake, Speckled Rattlesnake, Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake and Red Diamond Rattlesnake and others on the official list. University of California Statewide IPM Program
Colorado Yes CPW says there are three kinds of rattlesnakes in Colorado (prairie rattlesnake, midget faded/western rattlesnake, massasauga); CPW's Quick Key lists these three as the venomous snakes of Colorado. “There are three kinds of rattlesnakes in Colorado.” Colorado Parks and Wildlife
Connecticut Yes DEEP: 14 native snake species, of which 2 are venomous: the northern copperhead and the timber rattlesnake. “The answer is 14! Only 2 of the 14 native snake species are venomous -- the northern copperhead and timber rattlesnake.” Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP), Wildlife Division
Delaware Yes DNREC: Delaware has only one venomous snake, the eastern copperhead, found only in southern Sussex County and near Wilmington. Reports elsewhere, when checked with photos, usually turn out to be young rat snakes, watersnakes or hog-nosed snakes. “Delaware only has one species of snake that is venomous – the eastern copperhead.” DNREC
Florida Yes Six of Florida's 44 snake species (FWC count) are venomous: eastern coral snake, southern copperhead, cottonmouth, eastern diamondback rattlesnake, timber rattlesnake and dusky pygmy rattlesnake. “Only six of Florida's 44 snake species are venomous: the eastern coral snake, the southern copperhead, the cottonmouth, the eastern diamondback rattlesnake, the timber rattlesnake, and the dusky pygmy rattlesnake.” FWC
Georgia Yes Copperhead, Northern Cottonmouth, Florida Cottonmouth, Eastern Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Timber Rattlesnake and Pigmy Rattlesnake and others on the official list. Georgia DNR Wildlife Resources Division, Wildlife Conservation Section
Idaho Yes Western Rattlesnake and Prairie Rattlesnake on the official list. Idaho Department of Fish and Game
Illinois Yes Eastern Copperhead, Northern Cottonmouth, Timber Rattlesnake and Eastern Massasauga on the official list. IDNR
Indiana Yes Indiana DNR: four of Indiana's 32 snake species are venomous: timber rattlesnake, eastern massasauga, copperhead and cottonmouth. Only the copperhead is somewhat common; the other three are rare and state endangered. “Yes. Among Indiana's 32 species of snakes, four are venomous: the timber rattlesnake, eastern massasauga, copperhead, and cottonmouth (also known as the "water moccasin"). Only copperheads can be considered somewhat common and can be found in the forested hills of southern and west-central Indiana. The remaining three are rare and listed as state endangered species.” Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish & Wildlife
Iowa Yes Eastern Copperhead, Timber Rattlesnake, Prairie Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga and Western Massasauga on the official list. Iowa DNR
Kansas Yes Eastern Copperhead, Broad-banded Copperhead, Northern Cottonmouth, Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Timber Rattlesnake and Prairie Rattlesnake and others on the official list. Kansas Herpetofaunal Atlas (Travis W. Taggart), Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Fort Hays State University
Kentucky Yes Eastern Copperhead, Timber Rattlesnake, Northern Cottonmouth and Western Pigmy Rattlesnake on the official list. KDFWR
Louisiana Yes LDWF's field guide lists six venomous species (Eastern Copperhead, Harlequin Coralsnake, Eastern Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Northern Cottonmouth, Pygmy Rattlesnake, Timber Rattlesnake); the LDWF 2022 poster also shows the Texas Coralsnake under "Venomous Snakes". “Venomous Snake Species” Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
Maryland Yes DNR names two snakes with medically significant venom: the eastern copperhead and timber rattlesnake. “Several of Maryland’s snakes possess venom, but only the copperhead and the timber rattlesnake have medically significant venom known to cause adverse reactions in humans.” DNR
Massachusetts Yes MassWildlife: only 2 of the 14 snake species are venomous, the timber rattlesnake and the copperhead; both live in only a few areas and are state endangered. “Only 2 of the 14 types of snakes in Massachusetts are venomous: the timber rattlesnake and the copperhead.” MassWildlife
Michigan Yes One: the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake is Michigan's only venomous snake. The other 17 snake species are harmless to humans. “Seventeen of these species are nonvenomous, with the only venomous snake being the eastern massasauga rattlesnake.” Michigan Department of Natural Resources
Minnesota Yes Two of Minnesota's 17 snake species are venomous, both rattlesnakes: the timber rattlesnake and the massasauga. Both are found only in the southeastern counties and are rarely encountered. “Of the 17 snake species in the state, only two are venomous -- the Timber Rattlesnake and the Eastern Massasauga. Both are found only in the southeastern counties and are rarely encountered.” Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
Mississippi Yes Southern Copperhead, Eastern Cottonmouth and Western Cottonmouth (two forms of one species), Eastern Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Canebrake Rattlesnake, Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake, Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake and Western Pygmy Rattlesnake (three forms of one species) and Harlequin Coralsnake on the official list. Mississippi State University Extension Service
Missouri Yes Eastern Copperhead, Northern Cottonmouth, Timber Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga, Prairie Massasauga and Western Pygmy Rattlesnake on the official list. MDC
Montana Yes Prairie Rattlesnake on the official list. Montana State University Extension
Nebraska Yes Copperhead, Timber rattlesnake, Prairie rattlesnake and Western Massasauga Rattlesnake on the official list. Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
Nevada Yes Great Basin Rattlesnake, Mojave Green Rattlesnake, Sidewinder, Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake, Western Diamondback Rattlesnake and Panamint Rattlesnake on the official list. NDOW
New Hampshire Yes NH Fish and Game says the timber rattlesnake is the only venomous snake in New Hampshire, and it is protected by law. “New Hampshire has only one venomous snake, the timber rattlesnake, which is protected by law.” New Hampshire Fish and Game Department
New Jersey Yes Northern Copperhead and Timber Rattlesnake on the official list. NJDEP Division of Fish & Wildlife, Endangered and Nongame Species Program
New Mexico Yes The NM Poison Center says the state has two types of venomous snakes, rattlesnakes and the coral snake, and that rattlesnakes are the most common. “The two types of venomous snakes in New Mexico are the rattlesnake and the coral snake.” New Mexico Poison & Drug Information Center
New York Yes Northern Copperhead, Eastern Massasauga and Timber Rattlesnake on the official list. NYSDEC, reprinted from New York State Conservationist
North Carolina Yes Carolina Pygmy Rattlesnake, Copperhead, Eastern Coral Snake, Eastern Cottonmouth, Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake and Timber Rattlesnake on the official list. N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission
North Dakota Yes NDGF says the prairie rattlesnake is North Dakota’s only venomous snake. “These are North Dakota’s only venomous snakes.” North Dakota Game and Fish Department
Ohio Yes ODNR: Ohio has three venomous snakes: the Eastern Copperhead, the Massasauga and the Timber Rattlesnake. “Ohio has only three species of venomous snakes, two of which have rattles at the end of the tail. The third species is the Northern copper-head.” Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife
Oklahoma Yes Copperhead, Cottonmouth, Western diamondback rattlesnake, Timber rattlesnake, Prairie rattlesnake and Massasauga and others on the official list. Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation
Oregon Yes Western Rattlesnake on the official list. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
Pennsylvania Yes Three of the 21 native snake species are venomous: Eastern Copperhead, Timber Rattlesnake and Eastern Massasauga, all pit vipers. “There are only three venomous snakes native to PA: the Eastern Copperhead, Timber Rattlesnake and Eastern Massasauga.” Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission
South Carolina Yes Timber Rattlesnake, Copperhead, Cottonmouth / Water Moccasin, Eastern Coral Snake, Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake and Pigmy Rattlesnake on the official list. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
South Dakota Yes NPS says prairie rattlesnakes are the only venomous snakes in South Dakota. “Prairie Rattlesnakes are the only venomous snakes in South Dakota.” National Park Service
Tennessee Yes Copperhead, Cottonmouth, Timber Rattlesnake and Pygmy Rattlesnake on the official list. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency
Texas Yes Copperhead, Cottonmouth, Western Diamondback Rattlesnake, Timber Rattlesnake, Rock Rattlesnake and Black-tailed Rattlesnake and others on the official list. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
Utah Yes Western rattlesnake, Prairie rattlesnake, Mojave rattlesnake, Sidewinder and Southwestern speckled rattlesnake on the official list. DWR
Vermont Yes Vermont has one venomous snake, the Timber Rattlesnake. It is state endangered, legally protected, and restricted to western Rutland County. “Vermont is home to one venomous snake species, the Timber Rattlesnake, which is state endangered, legally protected, and restricted to western Rutland County.” Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department
Virginia Yes Canebrake Rattlesnake and Timber Rattlesnake (two forms of one species), Eastern Copperhead and Northern Cottonmouth on the official list. Virginia DWR
Washington Yes Western rattlesnake on the official list. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
West Virginia Yes Two: the timber rattlesnake and eastern (northern) copperhead. “Two of the snake species in West Virginia are venomous, the timber rattlesnake and eastern copperhead.” WVDNR
Wisconsin Yes Two: the timber rattlesnake and the eastern massasauga (both rattlesnakes). Every other Wisconsin snake is non-venomous. “…only two of Wisconsin’s 20-plus snake species are venomous: the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) and the massasauga, or swamp rattle-snake (Sistrurus catenatus).” University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension
Wyoming Yes Two rattlesnakes are on the WGFD reptile list: the prairie rattlesnake (all counties east of the Continental Divide and Carbon County west of the Divide, per the WGFD SWAP account) and the midget faded rattlesnake (lower Green River Valley). “Rattlesnakes occur in many parts of Wyoming.” Wyoming Game and Fish Department

How this is answered

Each state's answer comes from that state's own official sources: its wildlife agency, Extension service or another public body. We use, in order, the state's sourced answer to this question, then the animal's place on the state's official species list, then an official source quoted in our species guide. Where none of these settles it, the state is shown as "No official statement found". We never mark a state as having none without an official statement. Sightings and photo records are not used here. How questions are answered.

Sources

  1. Nongame Wildlife FAQs. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Outdoor Alabama). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  2. Sounds Wild: No Snakes in Alaska (radio episode transcript). Alaska Department of Fish and Game. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Alaska is famous for its complete absence of snakes, something most people - especially people from venomous snake country - fully appreciate.”
  3. Online Field Guide species account: Western Diamond-Backed Rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). Arizona Game and Fish Department. 2023; checked November 3, 2026.
  4. Arkansas Snake Guide (pocket guide; Kelly J. Irwin, AGFC herpetologist). Arkansas Game and Fish Commission (AGFC). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Arkansas is home to 36 species of snakes, six of which are venomous”
  5. Pest Notes: Rattlesnakes. University of California Statewide IPM Program (UC ANR, Cooperative Extension). 2014-12; checked November 3, 2026.
  6. Crossing Paths with Wildlife. Colorado Parks and Wildlife. page states 2026-01-28T13:29:23-0700; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “There are three kinds of rattlesnakes in Colorado.”
  7. Snakes of Connecticut. Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP), Wildlife Division. Content last updated July 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “The answer is 14! Only 2 of the 14 native snake species are venomous -- the northern copperhead and timber rattlesnake.”
  8. Snakes to Watch Out For (Outdoor Delaware). Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC). published 2021-07-09, modified 2026-05-07; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Delaware only has one species of snake that is venomous – the eastern copperhead.”
  9. Living with Snakes. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). archived copy, captured June 16, 2026; checked November 3, 2026. Archived copy.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Only six of Florida's 44 snake species are venomous: the eastern coral snake, the southern copperhead, the cottonmouth, the eastern diamondback rattlesnake, the timber rattlesnake, and the dusky pygmy rattlesnake.”
  10. Venomous Snakes of Georgia (brochure). Georgia DNR Wildlife Resources Division, Wildlife Conservation Section. PDF Last-Modified 2024-02-02; checked November 3, 2026.
  11. Highly Venomous Sea Snake Found Ashore on Hawai'i Island (NR25-04). Hawaii Department of Agriculture and Biosecurity (formerly Hawaii Department of Agriculture, HDOA). February 14, 2025; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “This type of sea snake can be more venomous than a cobra and potentially lethal to humans.”
  12. Wildlife Express: Rattlesnake (May 2023, Volume 36, Issue 9). Idaho Department of Fish and Game. archived copy, captured August 13, 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
  13. Wild About Illinois Snakes! (species gallery by family). Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  14. Amphibians and Reptiles FAQs. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish & Wildlife. dateModified 2026-03-09; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Yes. Among Indiana's 32 species of snakes, four are venomous: the timber rattlesnake, eastern massasauga, copperhead, and cottonmouth (also known as the "water moccasin"). Only copperheads can be considered somewhat common and can be found in the forested hills of southern and west-central Indiana. The remaining three are rare and listed as state endangered species.”
  15. 6 Cool Things You Should Know About Snakes (news release). Iowa Department of Natural Resources (Iowa DNR). October 28, 2014; checked November 3, 2026.
  16. KHA species account: Eastern Copperhead. Kansas Herpetofaunal Atlas (Travis W. Taggart), Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Fort Hays State University. updated February 19, 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
  17. Snakes (Snakes of Kentucky). Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (KDFWR). archived copy, captured August 27, 2025; checked November 3, 2026.
  18. Snake Species Field Guide. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Venomous Snake Species”
  19. Common Watersnake (species page). Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Writhes, bites, and voids feces when handled, but like all Maine snakes is non-venomous”
  20. Venomous Snakes of Maryland. Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR). archived copy, captured May 15, 2026; checked November 3, 2026. Archived copy.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Several of Maryland’s snakes possess venom, but only the copperhead and the timber rattlesnake have medically significant venom known to cause adverse reactions in humans.”
  21. Snakes of Massachusetts. Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife (MassWildlife). archived copy, captured October 24, 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Only 2 of the 14 types of snakes in Massachusetts are venomous: the timber rattlesnake and the copperhead.”
  22. Snakes (Michigan DNR species page). Michigan Department of Natural Resources. archived copy, captured March 12, 2026; checked November 3, 2026. Archived copy.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Seventeen of these species are nonvenomous, with the only venomous snake being the eastern massasauga rattlesnake.”
  23. Living with Wildlife: Snakes. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. archived copy, captured October 25, 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Of the 17 snake species in the state, only two are venomous -- the Timber Rattlesnake and the Eastern Massasauga. Both are found only in the southeastern counties and are rarely encountered.”
  24. Reducing Snake Problems Around Homes (Publication 2277). Mississippi State University Extension Service. Publication 2277 (POD-10-20 on PDF; checked November 3, 2026.
  25. A Guide to Missouri's Snakes (MDC publication E00448). Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC). Copyright 2017; checked November 3, 2026.
  26. Rattlesnake Safe in Montana (MontGuide MT202201AG). Montana State University Extension. Revised January 2022; checked November 3, 2026.
  27. Snakes of Nebraska. Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. archived copy, captured October 1, 2023; checked November 3, 2026.
  28. Great Basin Rattlesnake - Species Information. Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  29. Snakes of NH (old site page). New Hampshire Fish and Game Department. archived copy, captured August 1, 2023; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “New Hampshire has only one venomous snake, the timber rattlesnake, which is protected by law.”
  30. Snakes of New Jersey (brochure). NJDEP Division of Fish & Wildlife, Endangered and Nongame Species Program. PDF Last-Modified 2021-06-23; checked November 3, 2026.
  31. Bites and Stings. New Mexico Poison & Drug Information Center (UNM Health Sciences; New Mexico's poison-control program). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “The two types of venomous snakes in New Mexico are the rattlesnake and the coral snake.”
  32. Snakes of New York: A Sampler of Our Most Commonly Seen Species. NYSDEC, reprinted from New York State Conservationist. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  33. Pigmy Rattlesnake (NCWRC species page). N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  34. Reptiles and Amphibians of North Dakota (by Sandra Johnson). North Dakota Game and Fish Department. archived copy, captured July 14, 2024; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “These are North Dakota’s only venomous snakes.”
  35. Reptiles of Ohio Field Guide (Publication 5354). Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Wildlife. PUBLICATION 5354; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Ohio has only three species of venomous snakes, two of which have rattles at the end of the tail. The third species is the Northern copper-head.”
  36. Copperhead (ODWC Field Guide). Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  37. Living with Wildlife: Snakes. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  38. Reptiles and Amphibians FAQs. Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “There are only three venomous snakes native to PA: the Eastern Copperhead, Timber Rattlesnake and Eastern Massasauga.”
  39. Snakes of Rhode Island (DEM Division of Fish & Wildlife factsheet). Rhode Island DEM, Division of Fish & Wildlife. archived copy, captured February 19, 2025; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “There are no venomous snakes in Rhode Island.”
  40. Frequently Asked Questions about Reptile and Amphibians. South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. page footer 2020; checked November 3, 2026.
  41. Prairie Rattlesnake (Crotalus virdidis) - Jewel Cave National Monument. National Park Service. updated January 9, 2024; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Prairie Rattlesnakes are the only venomous snakes in South Dakota.”
  42. Reptiles » Snakes (Tennessee Watchable Wildlife species accounts). Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (Tennessee Watchable Wildlife website). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  43. Venomous Snake Safety (Texas Junior Naturalists). Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  44. How to avoid conflicts with rattlesnakes in Utah this spring and summer (news release). Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (DWR). Published March 17, 2026; checked November 3, 2026.
  45. Snake FAQs. Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Vermont is home to one venomous snake species, the Timber Rattlesnake, which is state endangered, legally protected, and restricted to western Rutland County.”
  46. Celebrating Virginia’s Snakes in Honor of National Reptile Awareness Day. Virginia DWR (originally in Virginia Wildlife Magazine). undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  47. Western rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus). Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. undated page; checked November 3, 2026.
  48. Amphibians & Reptiles. West Virginia Division of Natural Resources (WVDNR). WordPress modified 2026-04-20; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Two of the snake species in West Virginia are venomous, the timber rattlesnake and eastern copperhead.”
  49. Outdoor Hazards in Wisconsin: A Guide to Insects, Plants, and Wildlife (G3564). University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension (Craven, Pellitteri, Renz). R-09-2010; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “…only two of Wisconsin’s 20-plus snake species are venomous: the timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus) and the massasauga, or swamp rattle-snake (Sistrurus catenatus).”
  50. Amphibians and Reptiles. Wyoming Game and Fish Department. no page date shown; checked November 3, 2026.
    Quoted passages (1)
    “Rattlesnakes occur in many parts of Wyoming.”